To learn ‘Conjunction and Examples’ is very important. It helps us to speak fluently.
Conjunctions- Conjunctions are connecting words. They are used to join words, phrases, or clauses to concise the sentence. They belong to one of the Parts of Speech in English Grammar.
(संयोजक शब्द जोड़ने वाले शब्द होते हैं। इनका प्रयोग शब्दों, वाक्यांशों या उपवाक्यों को जोड़कर वाक्य को संक्षिप्त बनाने के लिए किया जाता है। ये अंग्रेजी व्याकरण के ‘भागों’ में से एक हैं।)
Importance of Conjunctions
Conjunctions are essential because:
They help in combining short sentences into meaningful, complex/ compound sentences.
They reduce repetition and make writing smooth.
They clarify the relationship between ideas (contrast, cause, time, etc.)
Types of conjunctions
Conjunctions are mainly of three types, each with different uses and rules.
There are three types of conjunctions. Those are-
1) Coordinating Conjunction
2) Subordinating Conjunction
3) Correlative Conjunction
1. Coordinating Conjunction
Coordinating means of ‘equal rank’.
A coordinating conjunction connects words, phrases, or independent clauses of equal grammatical rank.
(समन्वयकारी संयोजन समान व्याकरणिक स्तर के शब्दों, वाक्यांशों या स्वतंत्र खंडों को जोड़ता है।)
Examples:
Hay and grain are sold here.
You can eat your cake with a spoon or fork.
Will you take tea or coffee?
The teacher replied courteously but firmly.
FANBOYS acronym
The acronym FANBOYS is an easy way to remember the seven coordinating conjunctions in the English language.
The sentences formed by Coordinate conjunctions are called compound sentences.
Now, let us learn each of them in detail.
For
‘For’ is used to explain why (more formal and less common than ‘because’.
It is used as a conjunction of purpose or reason.
Examples-
1. She put on a sweater, for it was cold outside.
2. I am reading this article, for I want to learn English.
3. She didn’t cheat on the test, for it was the wrong thing to do.
4. Cats are good pets, for they are clean and are not noisy.
5. Yash drank some water, for he was thirsty.
6. She goes to dance class, for she loves to dance.
7. I told her to leave, for I was very tired.
8. He has to find a new job, for he is unemployed.
9. I have to go, for it is late.
10. He didn’t come to the office, for he was ill.
11. She eats healthily, for she is advised by the doctor.
12. He is overweight, for he eats too many cakes and biscuits.
13. She must have been very hungry, for she ate everything immediately.
14. I was late, for my car ran out of fuel.
15. He is working here, for he loves this company.
And
And is used to join two words, phrases, or clauses to join two ideas. It is the most basic conjunction in English.
Examples-
1. Ayush and Navin study in the same class.
2. They play cricket and basketball.
3. She said nothing to anyone, and no one said anything to her.
4. Take medicine and rest for a while.
5. Roshni works in a school and a coaching centre.
6. I will invite Tarun and Riya to the party.
7. Come here and make sentences.
8. He is sending you and me to Mumbai.
9. The couch has red and blue spots.
10. Mohit is a teacher, and I am a doctor.
11. She eats a banana, an orange, and a pear.
12. The lakes and mountains of Scotland are beautiful.
13. He switched off the television and went to bed.
14. They ate their lunch and went to the field.
15. My mother cooked dinner and served us.
Nor
This conjunction is used for two non-contrasting grammatically negative items. It means ‘and not’.
Examples-
1. He doesn’t eat cake, nor does he eat biscuits.
2. I’m not rich, nor do I wish to be.
3. I don’t like broccoli, nor do I like cauliflower.
4. She has never been to Paris, nor has she been to London.
5. They were not carrying umbrellas, nor were they wearing raincoats.
6. You are not to blame, nor is he.
7. He will not help them, nor will I.
8. She didn’t call her friends, nor did she write a letter to them.
9. Rahul can’t attend the function, nor can Anjali.
10. They don’t eat butter, nor do they drink milk.
11. He didn’t sleep early last night, nor did he study for his exams.
12. She can’t sing, nor can she whistle.
13. Leena does not like pasta, nor does she like soup.
14. She doesn’t study, nor does she take notes in class.
15. My little brother doesn’t like spinach, nor does he like broccoli.
Note- 1. ‘ nor’ एक ‘negative word’ है इसलिए ये अपने बाद inversion लेता है। (अगर second clause के शुरू में आए तो)
2. ‘nor’ अपने-आप में एक negative word है। इसमें ‘not’ include होता है। अतः nor के बाद कभी भी ‘not’ का प्रयोग नहीं किया जाता।
3. It connects two negative ideas.
But
But is a conjunction which is used to state a contrast between two statements or facts.
It is similar to ‘yet’.
Examples:
1. Priya is beautiful but cruel.
2. Aayush was ill, but he attended the meeting.
3. I want to attend the party, but I have my exam today.
4. The fabric was thin, but the colour was strong.
5. I like dancing, but she likes singing.
6. They ate pizza, but I ate rice.
7. I wanted to go, but I didn’t have time.
8. He is sharp but very careless.
9. The comment was blunt but effective.
10. Reena is dull, but Shreya is brilliant.
11. He is very rich, but he won’t buy a luxury car.
12. They shot him thrice, but he survived.
13. He worked hard, but he failed.
14. They came late, but the teacher didn’t say anything.
15. She tried her best but could not complete the project on time.
Or
‘Or’ is the most basic conjunction for presenting alternatives.
‘Or’ provides a choice- it links two ideas, but only one idea can be true.
Examples:
1. Do you want rice or roti?
2. She will have to pay a higher rent or vacate the house.
3. Will you renovate the house or sell it off?
4. I would read a book or watch a movie.
5. You should opt for science or the arts.
6. He is probably at lunch or in a meeting.
7. Should I paint my house red or blue?
8. My mother can go to the mall or my aunt’s house.
9. We can go on a vacation or save money.
10. I should carry an umbrella or a raincoat with me.
11. I will dance or sing at the annual function.
12. You can buy this book or that book.
13. What shall I give you, this or that?
14. Do you prefer roses or lilies?
15. We could go to the beach or the mountains.
Note- It can link words, phrases, and clauses.
When multiple alternatives are present, ‘Or’ is used for the last one.
Would you like pizza, a burger, Thai food, or pasta?
Which color do you want- red, green, yellow, or blue?
Yet
This conjunction is used to introduce contrast or an unexpected result.
Similar in meaning to ‘but’.
It is commonly used in the middle of a sentence.
Examples:
1. I love her, yet she ignores me.
2. She is sad, yet she is hopeful.
3. I worked hard for it, yet couldn’t succeed.
4. She studied hard, yet she didn’t clear the exam.
5. I am allergic to cats, yet I have three of them.
6. He is very talented, yet he doesn’t believe in himself.
7. The weather was cold, yet bright and sunny.
8. Her advice seems strange, yet I believe it.
9. He started early, yet he didn’t arrive on time.
10. She is rich, yet she lives a simple life.
11. I have tried everything, yet I can’t fix it.
12. He is an introvert, yet he likes parties.
13. I always buy a book to read, yet I never turn a single page.
14. She is overweight and feels sad, yet she eats a lot of junk food.
15. Divya plays chess very well, yet her favourite sport is football.
16. The neighbors complained about the loud music, yet they continued playing songs.
So
‘So’ is used to show the consequence or result of something
It connects a cause and its effect.
Examples:
1. He was very hungry, so he ate all the cake.
2. The shirt didn’t fit, so we exchanged it.
3. He was ill, so I took him to the doctor.
4. It was raining, so we stayed indoors.
5. The car had no petrol, so we went to the petrol pump.
6. It was a really hot day, so we all had ice cream.
7. Everyone was busy, so I went to the movie alone.
8. He ran out of money, so he had to stop playing poker.
9. She was tired, so she went to bed early.
10. The fan was not working, so they called a mechanic.
11. My mother was not well, so I went to buy the groceries.
12. He always comes late, so the boss scolds him.
13. John wanted to impress Lily, so he bought the most expensive perfume.
14. All my pens were not working, so I borrowed one from my friend.
15. My dad always worked hard, so we could afford the things we wanted.
Note- It only links clauses.
Rules for using commas with FANBOYS coordinating conjunctions
There are three rules to follow for using commas correctly with FANBOYS conjunctions:
1. If you are joining two words or phrases together, a comma is not necessary.
Words:
Salt and pepper
Chalk or cheese
Phrases:
Terribly handsome or fabulously rich
2. When a coordinating conjunction is used to connect multiple nouns or a list of items, commas are needed to separate the ideas.
Example-
I like chocolate, jam, and cake.
3. Finally, if you are connecting two independent clauses with a FANBOYS conjunction, always put a comma before the coordinating conjunction.
Examples:
The bus was late, so we missed the concert.
I went to the party, and I met the man of my dreams
Coordinating conjunctions to join single words
When a coordinating conjunction joins two or more individual words, those words should be the same part of speech: a noun with a noun, a verb with a verb, an adjective with an adjective, and so on.
He is rich but miser, so nobody likes his company. ×××
He is rich but miserly, so nobody likes his company. ✓✓✓
Miser- noun
Miserly- adjective
Rich- adjective
Note- Coordinating conjunction के case में adjective को adjective से ही और noun को noun से ही जोड़ा जाएगा।
A soldier is never coward or foolish. ×××
A soldier is never cowardly or foolish. ✓✓✓
Coward- noun
Cowardly- adjective
Foolish- adjective
Did you remember to bring a pen and paper?
We hike and camp every summer.
Coordinating conjunctions to join phrases
Coordinating conjunctions can also link phrases of the same grammatical type.
Examples:
The antique desk and the modern lamp look surprisingly natural together.
I want to study at my university library or at the local coffee shop.
Coordinating conjunctions to join independent clauses:
An independent clause can stand by itself as a complete sentence. To join two independent clauses, we use a comma followed by a coordinating conjunction. The basic structure of a sentence that uses a coordinating conjunction is as follows:
Subject+ verb+ object, (coordinating conjunction) subject+verb+object.
Joining two independent clauses with a coordinating conjunction creates a compound sentence.
Examples:
I wanted something to eat, so I looked in the fridge.
The bear snarled and growled, yet the hiker remained calm and composed.
Conclusion:
We hope that you liked this article and with the help of this article you would have been very helpful to understand ‘Conjunction and Examples (Coordinating conjunctions)’. If you have any questions in your mind, you can ask us in the comment below. Do share this article with your friends on social media.
Read More Posts: